Steve, you have gotten some good information in this thread. IMHO the most important was what is the key signature and what is the chord progression. Why? Because sometimes the bass note, regardless what instrument plays it (bass guitar, tuba, piano, etc) determines the chord's name. Sometimes the same bass note does not determine the chord's name; go back to the C6, Am7, C/A , posts. What names the chord is usually the combination of the key signature and what comes prior to and after the chord regardless of the bass note. This has been mentioned before.

For an examples Google/Bing "Ambiguous chords in music" and you will get answers to your questions. Here is one example:

https://www.beyondmusictheory.org/harmonic-ambiguity/

I give you credit for throwing your yourself into this deep music theory topic. Now I say this in all due respect Steve but what is missing is the music theory foundation. Getting it piecemeal like this helps but IMHO getting a music theory book will build the foundation much faster. YMMV

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